Letter: H
Hacker
Also known as a "Cracker", a Hacker is a person who breaks into a site through a computer's security
Hash
A hash, also known as an associative array, is a collection of data inwhich each piece of data has two components: a key and a value. Much like the hash at your local diner, JavaScript hashes go unordered: They're not indexed by numbers. For example, if you wish to use JavaScriptto put up a different GIF animation on your site every day of the week, youmight throw all these animations into a hash associated to each weekday as a key. Then you would refer to the key day to invoke that day's animation.
For example, in a normal array, you'd have:
dinner[0] = "monkey brain";
dinner[1] = "meatloaf";
But in a hash, you could use a string as the index:
helper applications
Additional software occasionally needed to help a Web browser program deal with an unusual file on the Internet. When an unusual file is downloaded, a helper application takes over for the Web browser to open and run the file. An example of a helper application is Netscape's "naplayer". It opens and plays sound files when they are encountered on the Internet.
Hexadecimal
The hexadecimal (base 16) number system used for Web-page design consists of 16 unique symbols: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, and F. For example, the decimal number 15 is equal to the hexadecimal number F. In HTML, an RGB color can be designated by RRGGBB with the first two numerals representing the amount of red, the second two the amount of green, and the last two the amount of blue. If you wanted your background to be red, you could write the code for a body background color as <body bgcolor="#FF0000">. Black is the absence of all color and white is the presence of all color, so in hexadecimal, black is at the bottom of the system (no red, green, or blue: #000000) and white is at the top (the maximum amount of red, green, and blue: #FFFFFF).
hit
As used in reference to the World Wide Web, “hit” means a single request from a web browser for a single item from a web server; thus in order for a web browser to display a page that contains 3 graphics, 4 “hits” would occur at the server: 1 for the HTML page, and one for each of the 3 graphics.
“hits” are often used as a very rough measure of load on a server, e.g. “Our server has been getting 300,000 hits per month.” Because each “hit” can represent anything from a request for a tiny document (or even a request for a missing document) all the way to a request that requires some significant extra processing (such as a complex search request), the actual load on a machine from 1 hit is almost impossible to define.
hit
More than a page view, a "hit" is any action experienced at a web site. A "hit" is any content delivered by a web server. A single web page may place several dozen demands on the web server to deliver content: one for the page itself (or the collection of pages that make up a frame set), another for each graphic image displayed, and others for streaming media, sound bites and other content. Each of those demands is considered a "hit". Every file a web server delivers is a "hit".
Hit
An action on the Web site, such as when a visitor views a page or downloads a file.
Hits
If anyone who isn't a network engineer mentions "hits" to you, they're probably trying to pull the cyberwool over your eyes. Hits are the individual requests a server answers in order to render a single Web page completely. The page document itself, the various images on the page, any other media files embedded there - each of these items represents a separate hit. In other words, the more GIFs used in a page, the higher the hit count - so while hits may be a good indication of poor page design, they won't tell you much about traffic.
Home page
The main page of a Web site. The home page provides visitors with an overview and links to the rest of the site. It often contains or links to a Table of contents for the site.
Home Page
The main page of a Web site. The home page provides visitors with an overview and links to the rest of the site. It often contains or links to a Table of contents for the site.
Home Page (or Homepage)
Several meanings. Originally, the web page that your browser is set to use when it starts up. The more common meaning refers to the main web page for a business, organization, person or simply the main page out of a collection of web pages, e.g. “Check out so-and-so’s new Home Page.”
Another sloppier use of the term refers to practically any web page as a “homepage,” e.g. “That web site has 65 homepages and none of them are interesting.”
Host
Any computer on a network that is a repository for services available to other computers on the network. It is quite common to have one host machine provide several services, such as WWW and USENET.
Hover
Much like standing behind your co-worker while she slaves away, hover implies standing by but not doing anything. In dHTML, it refers specifically to when the user has positioned her cursor over a link but not yet clicked anything. The style will not change if the cursor is simply passed over the link, but you can set an action to take place after a predetermined amount of hovering.
HTML
(HyperText Markup Language) -- The coding language used to create Hypertext documents for use on the World Wide Web. HTML looks a lot like old-fashioned typesetting code, where you surround a block of text with codes that indicate how it should appear, additionally, in HTML you can specify that a block of text, or a word, is linked to another file on the Internet. HTML files are meant to be viewed using a World Wide Web Client Program, such as Netscape or Mosaic.
HTML
Hyper Text Markup Language is used to write documents for the World Wide Web to specify hypertext links between related objects and documents.
HTTP
(HyperText Transfer Protocol) -- The protocol for moving hypertext files across the Internet. Requires a HTTP client program on one end, and an HTTP server program on the other end. HTTP is the most important protocol used in the World Wide Web (WWW).
HTTP
The conversation between browsers and servers takes place according to the hypertext transfer protocol, or HTTP. Written by Tim Berners-Lee, it was first implemented on the Web in 1991 as HTTP 0.9. Currently, Web browsers and servers support version 1.1 of HTTP. It supports persistent connections, meaning that once a browser connects to a Web server, it can receive multiple files through the same connection. The next version, known as HTTP-NG, or hypertext transfer protocol - next generation - which we hope won't be followed by HTTP Voyager - will improve upon the basic HTTP architecture by using modularity and layering.
HTTP
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol is a standard method of transferring data between a Web server and a Web browser.
hyperlink
A link that connects you to other documents, other places within the same document, pictures or HTML pages. Think of a hyperlink as an invitation to visit another place. A simple click on the link will take you there.
Hypermedia
Media (such as pictures, videos, and audio), on a web page that links the user to another web page by clicking on the media.
Hypertext
Generally, any text that contains links to other documents - words or phrases in the document that can be chosen by a reader and which cause another document to be retrieved and displayed.
HYTELNET
A program that provides an easily adaptable and fluid connection to a multitude of networked information resources, including library catalogs.
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